Employees who work over or near water face multiple hazards due to their potential for falling into the water. These hazards include drowning, impact injuries from falling from a height into the water, and hypothermia resulting from prolonged exposure to cold water.

Safety regulations require that employers provide workers with a U.S. Coast Guard-approved personal flotation device (PFD), a ring buoy to be readily available for emergency rescue, and at least one lifesaving skiff to be immediately available.

Employees must know how frequently to inspect their PFD, how to ensure it is properly labeled, and how to select and wear a PFD that fits properly. They must also know how to inspect the PFD to ensure it is good condition and properly maintain the PFD to ensure it remains buoyant.

Some circumstances involving work over or near water can allow alternatives to wearing PFDs or necessitate additional safety requirements.